Manufacturing

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in producing food for human or animal consumption.

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing beverages and tobacco products.

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing yarn or textile fabrics, or finishing yarn, textile fabrics or clothing. Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing both fabrics and textile products, except knitted clothing, are included.

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing textile products, except clothing.

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing clothing.

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing leather and allied products.

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing products from wood. There are three industry groups in this subsector, comprising establishments engaged in sawing logs into lumber and similar products, or preserving these products; making products that improve the natural characteristics of wood, by making veneers, plywood, reconstituted wood panel products or engineered wood assemblies; and making a diverse range of wood products, such as millwork.

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing pulp, paper and paper products. The manufacture of pulp involves separating the cellulose fibres from other impurities in wood, used paper or other fibre sources. The manufacture of paper involves matting these fibres into a sheet. Converted paper products are produced from paper and other materials by various cutting and shaping techniques.

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in printing and providing related support activities.

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in transforming crude petroleum and coal into intermediate and end products. The dominant process is petroleum refining, which separates crude petroleum into components or fractions through such techniques as cracking and distillation.

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing chemicals and chemical preparations, from organic and inorganic raw materials.

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in making goods by processing raw rubber and plastics materials. Rubber and plastics-based activities are combined in the same subsector because the technical properties of these polymers are related. Generally, establishments classified in this subsector manufacture products made of just one material, rubber or plastics, with the major exception of tire manufacturing.

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing non-metallic mineral products. These establishments cut, grind, shape and finish granite, marble, limestone, slate and other stone; mix non-metallic minerals with chemicals and other additives; and heat non-metallic mineral preparations to make products, such as bricks, refractories, ceramic products, cement and glass.

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in smelting and refining ferrous and non-ferrous metals from ore, pig or scrap in blast or electric furnaces. Metal alloys are made with the introduction of other chemical elements. The output of smelting and refining, usually in ingot form, is used in rolling and drawing operations to produce sheet, strip, bars, rods and wire, and in molten form to produce castings and other basic metal products.

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in forging, stamping, forming, turning and joining processes to produce ferrous and non-ferrous metal products, such as cutlery and hand tools, architectural and structural metal products, boilers, tanks and shipping containers, hardware, spring and wire products, turned products, and bolts, nuts and screws.

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing industrial and commercial machinery. These establishments assemble parts into components, subassemblies and complete machines. They may make the parts themselves, using general metal-working processes, or purchase them. Establishments tend to specialize in producing machinery designed for particular applications, and this is reflected in the structure of the industry groups and industries. A broad distinction exists between general-purpose machinery, that is designed to be used in a variety of industrial applications, such as pumping or machining, and special-purpose machinery, that is designed to be used in a particular industry, such as agriculture or printing. The first three industry groups consist of establishments that produce special-purpose machinery. Establishments that produce general-purpose machinery are classified in the remaining industry groups. Establishments primarily engaged in rebuilding machinery are included in the same industry as establishments manufacturing the particular type of new machinery. Unless otherwise specified, establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing parts, designed for use solely or principally with a particular machine, are classified in the same industry as establishments manufacturing that type of machinery.

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing computers, computer peripheral equipment, communications equipment, and similar electronic products, as well as components for such products. The computer and electronic product manufacturing industries employ production processes that are characterized by the design and use of integrated circuits and the application of highly specialized miniaturization technologies.

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing products that generate, distribute and use electrical power.

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing equipment for transporting people and goods. The industry groups are based on the various modes of transport – road, rail, air and water. Three industry groups are based on road transportation equipment – for complete vehicles, for body and trailer manufacture and for parts. Establishments primarily engaged in rebuilding equipment and parts are included in the same industry as establishments manufacturing new products.

This subsector comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing furniture and related products. The processes used in the manufacture of furniture are standard methods of forming materials and assembling components, including cutting, moulding and laminating. The design of the article, for both aesthetic and functional qualities, is an important aspect of the production process. Design services may be performed by the furniture establishment's own work force or may be purchased from industrial designers. Furniture is classified based on the application for which it is designed. For example, an upholstered sofa is treated as household furniture, although it may also be used in hotels or offices. Furniture is also classified according to the component material from which it is made. Furniture made from more than one material is classified based on the material used in the frame, or if there is no frame, the predominant component material. Upholstered household furniture is classified as such, without regard to the frame material. Furniture may be produced on a stock or custom basis and may be shipped assembled or unassembled (knockdown). Establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing furniture frames and parts are included.

This subsector comprises establishments, not classified to any other subsector, primarily engaged in manufacturing activities. These establishments manufacture a diverse range of products, such as medical equipment and supplies, jewellery, sporting goods, toys and office supplies.